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"Vedant" is derived from the Sanskrit words "Veda" meaning "knowledge" and "Anta" meaning "end" or "culmination". In Hindu philosophy, Vedanta refers to the ancient Indian texts and traditions that deal with the ultimate nature of reality, the universe, and human existence.
Vedanta is one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy, and it is based on the Upanishads, the Brahma Sutras, and the Bhagavad Gita. The core teachings of Vedanta emphasize the unity of all existence, the ultimate reality of Brahman (the divine), and the liberation of the individual self (Atman) from the cycle of birth and death (Samsara).
There are several sub-schools within Vedanta, including Advaita (non-dualism), Vishishtadvaita (qualified non-dualism), and Dvaita (dualism). Each of these schools offers a unique perspective on the nature of reality and the path to spiritual liberation.
In modern times, the term "Vedant" is also used as a given name, symbolizing a connection to the ancient wisdom and spiritual traditions of India.
Here is a comprehensive list of topics related to Vedanta:
Fundamental Concepts
1. Brahman (Ultimate Reality)
2. Atman (Individual Self)
3. Samsara (Cycle of Birth and Death)
4. Moksha (Liberation)
5. Maya (Illusion)
6. Avidya (Ignorance)
7. Vidya (Knowledge)
Schools of Vedanta
1. Advaita Vedanta (Non-Dualism)
2. Vishishtadvaita Vedanta (Qualified Non-Dualism)
3. Dvaita Vedanta (Dualism)
4. Dvaitadvaita Vedanta (Bhedabheda)
5. Shuddhadvaita Vedanta (Pure Non-Dualism)
6. Achintya Bheda Abheda (Inconceivable Difference and Non-Difference)
Key Texts
1. Upanishads (108 canonical texts)
2. Brahma Sutras (commentary on the Upanishads)
3. Bhagavad Gita (scripture on spiritual growth)
4. Vedanta Sutras (commentary on the Upanishads)
5. Shankara's Commentaries (on the Brahma Sutras and Upanishads)
Vedanta Philosophers
1. Adi Shankara (8th century CE)
2. Ramanuja (11th century CE)
3. Madhva (13th century CE)
4. Vallabha (15th century CE)
5. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (16th century CE)
6. Ramakrishna (19th century CE)
7. Swami Vivekananda (19th century CE)
8. Aurobindo Ghose (20th century CE)
Practices and Disciplines
1. Jnana Yoga (Path of Knowledge)
2. Bhakti Yoga (Path of Devotion)
3. Karma Yoga (Path of Action)
4. Raja Yoga (Path of Meditation)
5. Hatha Yoga (Physical Postures and Breathing Techniques)
6. Mantra Japa (Repetition of Sacred Sounds)
7. Svadhyaya (Self-Study and Reflection)
Concepts and Terms
1. Ahimsa (Non-Violence)
2. Aparigraha (Non-Possessiveness)
3. Asteya (Non-Stealing)
4. Brahmacharya (Celibacy)
5. Dharma (Righteous Living)
6. Ishvara Pranidhana (Surrender to the Divine)
7. Karma (Action and its Consequences)
8. Mithya (Relative Reality)
9. Nishkama Karma (Selfless Action)
10. Prana (Life Force)
11. Pratipaksha Bhavana (Cultivating Opposite Thoughts)
12. Samskaras (Mental Impressions)
13. Sattva (Purity and Clarity)
14. Shraddha (Faith and Devotion)
15. Tapas (Austerity and Discipline)
16. Vairagya (Detachment)
17. Vichara (Inquiry and Reflection)
This list provides a comprehensive overview of the key concepts, texts, philosophers, and practices within the tradition of Vedanta.
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